![]() ![]() Time-consuming reconstruction of YACs, genetic instability and the difficulty in obtaining intact YAC DNA above a certain size impede the generation of humanized mice. However, YAC libraries often contain only partial gene loci. Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)-mediated transgenesis is irreplaceable for this purpose, because alternative methods such as the use of bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) cannot introduce DNA fragments larger than 500 kb into the mouse germ line. For proper gene regulation, or in case of multigene families, megabase (Mb)-sized DNA fragments often have to be used. Introducing human genes into mice offers the opportunity to analyze their in vivo function or to obtain therapeutic molecules.
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